Tuesday, February 15, 2011

Latest from STARDUST NExT mission


Valentines day has come and the folks at JPL are very pleased with the latest results of their comet chaser STARDUST-NExT.
- LRK -

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http://stardustnext.jpl.nasa.gov/
Stardust-NExT Introduction
On January 15, 2006, the Stardust spacecraft completed one history-making mission and began another. Returning from a rendezvous with Comet Wild 2, the spacecraft approached Earth and jettisoned the capsule containing particles collected directly from the comet, as well as interstellar dust medium. The capsule landed safely and on-target southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah, completing the world's first sample return from a comet.

Now this spacecraft is on a new record-setting mission: a visit to Comet Tempel 1. Comet Tempel 1 was the comet previously targeted by the Deep Impact mission, making Stardust-NExT the first-ever follow-up mission to a comet.

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Stardust spacecraft has passed Tempel 1.
- LRK -

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http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2011-053&cid=release_2011-053
NASA's Stardust Spacecraft Completes Comet Flyby
February 14, 2011
PASADENA, Calif. - Mission controllers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., watched as data downlinked from the Stardust spacecraft indicated it completed its closest approach with comet Tempel 1. An hour after closest approach, the spacecraft turned to point its large, high-gain antenna at Earth. It is expected that images of the comet's nucleus collected during the flyby will be received on Earth starting at about midnight California time (3 a.m. EST on Tuesday, Feb. 15).

Preliminary data already transmitted from the spacecraft indicate the time of closest approach was about 8:39 p.m. PST (11:39 p.m. EST), at a distance of 181 kilometers (112 miles) from Tempel 1.

This is a bonus mission for the comet chaser, which previously flew past comet Wild 2 and returned samples from its coma to Earth. During this bonus encounter, the plan called for the spacecraft to take images of the comet's surface to observe what changes occurred since a NASA spacecraft last visited. (NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft executed an encounter with Tempel 1 in July 2005).

Stardust-NExT is a low-cost mission that will expand the investigation of comet Tempel 1 initiated by NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft. JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages Stardust-NExT for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, built the spacecraft and manages day-to-day mission operations.

For more information about Stardust-NExT, visit: http://stardustnext.jpl.nasa.gov .
Media contacts:
DC Agle 818-393-9011
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
agle@jpl.nasa.gov

Dwayne Brown 202-358-1726
NASA Headquarters, Washington
dwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov

Blaine Friedlander 607-254-6235
Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
bpf2@cornell.edu

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JPL getting pictures of Tempel 1.
- LRK -

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http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2011-054&cid=release_2011-054
Comet Hunter's First Images on the Ground
February 15, 2011
PASADENA, Calif. -- Mission controllers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., have begun receiving the first of 72 anticipated images of comet Tempel 1 taken by NASA's Stardust spacecraft.

The first six, most distant approach images are available at http://www.nasa.gov/stardust and http://www.jpl.nasa.gov. Additional images, including those from closest approach, are being downlinked in chronological order and will be available later in the day.

A news conference will be held at 12:30 p.m. PST (3:30 p.m. EST) to allow scientists more time to analyze the data and images.

Stardust-NExT is a low-cost mission that expands on the investigation of comet Tempel 1 initiated by NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft. JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages Stardust-NExT for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. Joe Veverka of Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., is the mission's principal investigator. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, built the spacecraft and manages day-to-day mission operations.

More information about Stardust-NExT is available at http://stardustnext.jpl.nasa.gov .
Media contacts:
DC Agle 818-393-9011
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
agle@jpl.nasa.gov

Dwayne Brown 202-358-1726
NASA Headquarters, Washington
dwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov

Blaine Friedlander 607-254-6235
Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
bpf2@cornell.edu

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Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Saturday, January 8, 2011

Moon's Core Much Like Earth's

Jeff sent me a link to an article in Discovery News about some recent findings about the Moon's core using data taken during those long ago Apollo missions but using new software to look at this old data.

I mentioned that it was also on the NASA News e-mail letter.
To subscribe to the list, send a message to: hqnews-subscribe@mediaservices.nasa.gov
- LRK -

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http://news.discovery.com/space/moon-core-formation-110107.html
Moon's Core Much Like Earth's
Earth's moon may be a chip off of the old block in more ways than one.

By Irene Klotz
Fri Jan 7, 2011 05:00 PM ET

THE GIST
  • A new look at old Apollo seismic data confirms the structure of the moon's core.
  • Like Earth, the moon has a solid inner core and a liquid outer layer. The moon also has a mushy, semi-liquid layer around that.
  • A new NASA mission due to launch this year should provide more details of how the moon evolved.
The moon may not only be a chip off the home planet. It may also have formed an Earth-like core, new research suggests, a finding that has implications for understanding the moon's history and evolution.
Using seismic analysis tools developed for probing Earth, scientists took another look at data collected by four sensors positioned on the lunar surface by NASA astronauts during the 1969-1972 Apollo moon program.
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The information contained in the NASA News can be read here.
I hope you read the whole article, especially the last few paragraphs.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2011/jan/HQ_11-004_Moon_Core.html
RELEASE : 11-004  Jan. 6, 2011
 
NASA Research Team Reveals Moon Has Earth-Like Core
 
WASHINGTON – State-of-the-art seismological techniques applied to Apollo-era data suggest our moon has a core similar to Earth's.

Uncovering details about the lunar core is critical for developing accurate models of the moon's formation. The data sheds light on the evolution of a lunar dynamo -- a natural process by which our moon may have generated and maintained its own strong magnetic field.

The team's findings suggest the moon possesses a solid, iron-rich inner core with a radius of nearly 150 miles and a fluid, primarily liquid-iron outer core with a radius of roughly 205 miles. Where it differs from Earth is a partially molten boundary layer around the core estimated to have a radius of nearly 300 miles. The research indicates the core contains a small percentage of light elements such as sulfur, echoing new seismology research on Earth that suggests the presence of light elements -- such as sulfur and oxygen -- in a layer around our own core.

The researchers used extensive data gathered during the Apollo-era moon missions. The Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment consisted of four seismometers deployed between 1969 and 1972, which recorded continuous lunar seismic activity until late-1977.

"We applied tried and true methodologies from terrestrial seismology to this legacy data set to present the first-ever direct detection of the moon's core," said Renee Weber, lead researcher and space scientist at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala.

In addition to Weber, the team consisted of scientists from Marshall; Arizona State University; the University of California at Santa Cruz; and the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris in France. Their findings are published in the online edition of the journal Science.

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Future NASA missions will help gather more detailed data. The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory, or GRAIL, is a NASA Discovery-class mission set to launch this year. The mission consists of twin spacecraft that will enter tandem orbits around the moon for several months to measure the gravity field in unprecedented detail. The mission also will answer longstanding questions about Earth's moon and provide scientists a better understanding of the satellite from crust to core, revealing subsurface structures and, indirectly, its thermal history.

NASA and other space agencies have been studying concepts to establish an International Lunar Network -- a robotic set of geophysical monitoring stations on the moon -- as part of efforts to coordinate international missions during the coming decade.

For more information about NASA science exploration missions, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/topics/moonmars

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A lot of related information.  Worth bookmarking to keep up with what is happening.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/topics/moonmars/
Moon & Mars

LRO Creates New Lunar Topographic Map

LRO is allowing researchers to create the most precise and complete map to date of the moon's complex, heavily cratered landscape.

NASA Research Team Reveals Moon Has Earth-Like Core

01.06.11 - State-of-the-art seismological techniques applied to Apollo-era data suggest our moon has a core similar to Earth's.

NASA Selects Companies for Further Lunar Demonstrations Data

12.20.10 - NASA has issued delivery orders to three companies as part of its Innovative Lunar Demonstrations Data (ILDD) project.
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There are different ways to look at the Moon.  Some from analyzing radio metric data from satellites orbiting the Moon as was done with Lunar Prospector. Of course it is nice to actually use the data from the instruments as well.
http://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/printerready/science/newresults/index.html
- LRK

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http://www.sciencemag.org/content/281/5382/1476.full
Improved Gravity Field of the Moon from Lunar Prospector
  1. A. S. Konopliv,
  2. A. B. Binder,
  3. L. L. Hood,
  4. A. B. Kucinskas,
  5. W. L. Sjogren and
  6. J. G. Williams

Abstract

An improved gravity model from Doppler tracking of the Lunar Prospector (LP) spacecraft reveals three new large mass concentrations (mascons) on the nearside of the moon beneath the impact basins Mare Humboltianum, Mendel-Ryberg, and Schiller-Zucchius, where the latter basin has no visible mare fill. Although there is no direct measurement of the lunar farside gravity, LP partially resolves four mascons in the large farside basins of Hertzsprung, Coulomb-Sarton, Freundlich-Sharonov, and Mare Moscoviense. The center of each of these basins contains a gravity maximum relative to the surrounding basin. The improved normalized polar moment of inertia (0.3932 ± 0.0002) is consistent with an iron core with a radius of 220 to 450 kilometers.
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Nice to look at past data and find more questions to answer.
More data every day from LRO.  Maybe someone will look up and realize we haven't done all that can be done.
Start mapping out your plans for exploration.
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/image_release.html
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/main/index.html
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Friday, January 7, 2011

NASA Kicks Off 2011 Nationwide First Robotics Competition

It has been awhile since I worked at NASA Ames Research Center at Moffett Field in California but I still have some of my tee shirts from being a volunteer at the FIRST competitions.  It was a lot of fun watching the competitions and seeing the enthusiasm of the contestants.  It looks like it will be a great contest this year as well.  My best to all the students.
- LRK -
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NASA Kicks Off 2011 Nationwide First Robotics Competition
http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2011/jan/HQ_11-005_FIRST_Robotics.html
RELEASE : 11-005
WASHINGTON -- An international robotics competition that develops the next generation of technology leaders kicks off this weekend. NASA, the largest sponsor of the FIRST Robotics Competition, and its centers across the nation will join local technology firms to launch the event at 10:30 a.m. EST Saturday, Jan. 8. The event at Southern New Hampshire University in Manchester will air live on NASA Television.

FIRST, or For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology, is a long-standing challenge to inspire curiosity and create interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics among high school students. The event gives students the opportunity to design, build, test and compete a robot that can perform specific functions. FIRST also gives students a crucial mentoring experience with NASA professionals, who help them explore solutions to robotics problems and understand real-world challenges faced by engineers and researchers.
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FIRST Robotics Competition Kicks Off Saturday
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/news/pressrel/2011/11-001_first.html
MEDIA ADVISORY : 11-001
CLEVELAND -- NASA Television will broadcast the annual FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) Robotics Competition kickoff event on Saturday, Jan. 8, from 9 a.m. to noon. The broadcast will be aired at Cuyahoga Community College, Unified Technologies Center (UTC), 2415 Woodland Avenue, Cleveland.

FIRST is a program designed to help students discover how interesting and rewarding a career in engineering and science can be by giving them real world experience working with engineers to build a functioning robot in six weeks.

During the live broadcast, which originates from Manchester, N.H., Dean Kamen, inventor of the Segway Human Transporter and founder of FIRST, will reveal this year's robotics competition for thousands of high school students across America. More than 100 students are expected to attend this year's event at UTC.
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http://www.usfirst.org/
FIRST
Watch the FRC Kickoff on January 8th LIVE courtesy of NASA
FIRST® announces the introduction of the FIRST® Green e-watt saver for FRC team fundraising
NASA Looks to FIRST® to Build the Next Generation of Scientists and Engineers
FIRST® LEGO® League Signs Three Year Sponsorship With Statoil
FIRST® Announces New Rookie Team Incentive Program
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http://robotics.nasa.gov/
2011 FIRST Robotics Competition Kickoff
The 2011 FIRST Robotics Competition Kick off will take place on January 8th, 2011 at 10:30AM EST. The Kickoff will be aired on NASA TV!

+ More Info on the broadcast
+ More Info on NASA TV
+ More Info on 2011 FRC Kickoff
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I hope some these future engineers and roboticists get to build robots for lunar exploration.
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update

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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Friday, December 24, 2010

Paleo-Future --- A Look Into The Future That Never Was

Larry Klaes posted to the FPSPACE group (http://www.friends-partners.org/mailman/listinfo/fpspace) this bit about the blog from Paleo-Future. I thought it worth sharing as well.  It was a time of dreams of living in space.  A time of for artists to paint a picture of what might be.
- LRK -

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First Men to the Moon (1960)

Friday, December 3, 2010 at 1:14AM
 
By Matt Novak

The 1960 book First Men to the Moon by Wernher von Braun tells the story of John Mason, a fictional astronaut of the future bound for the moon. The dedication page reads, "To Iris and Margrit [von Braun's daughters] who will live in a world in which flights to the moon will be commonplace."

In the book we read of the training and technical expertise necessary for a journey into space, accompanied by amazing illustrations and diagrams by Fred Freeman. As one of my favorite pre-Apollo books of space retro-futurism I can't recommend this book highly enough. With hard to find retrofuture books like these I sometimes wonder if there might be a market for them if a publisher were to reissue them.

Full article with several illustrations here:
 
http://www.paleofuture.com/blog/2010/12/3/first-men-to-the-moon-1960.html

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About the Paleo-Future blog.
- LRK -

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http://www.paleofuture.com/about-me/

The Paleo-Future blog was started by Matt Novak in January of 2007. Matt has since become an accidental expert on past visions of the future, and has amassed an enormous library of media related to the study of retro-futurism. 

Matt is available for interviews and speaking engagements, but if you'd like him to use his "inside voice" we recommend not providing Mr. Novak with alcoholic beverages of any kind. If temperance is not crucial, he sure does enjoy his bourbon.

Matt can be reached at matt@paleofuture.com or followed on Twitter. He lives in Full Bladerunner, CA.

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I wonder who now will dare dream the Dream?
- LRK -

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http://www.paleofuture.com/blog/2007/4/3/challenge-of-outer-space-circa-1950s.html
Challenge of Outer Space (circa 1950s)

DateTuesday, April 3, 2007 at 1:22PM

Wernher von Braun begins the film Challenge of Outer Space by saying, "The conquest of outer space is the greatest technological challenge of the age in which we live."

[See video clip - LRK -]

Even before a manned mission to the moon the nation's top space scientists were speculating about what space stations would look like. I find it difficult to mentally put myself in an era when space exploration had not yet occurred, but films like this help a great deal.
The torodial space colony is featured heavily in the film and is a favorite among those depicting space stations of the future.

Above is a short clip of the 30 minute film and I hope to explore Challenges of Outer Space in depth as more information about this paleo-futuristic wonder becomes available.
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Do you have a young artist that needs some inspiration?
Take a look at the list of previous artists here.
- LRK -

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http://www.hobbyspace.com/Art/index.html
Space Art - Seeing above & beyond

Space art ranges from hard-edged graphic arts realism to fine art abstractionism. Regardless of the style, good space art illuminates the special excitement, mystery and attraction of the cosmos.
Space art comes second only to science fiction in the power to inspire the public's interest and support for space exploration.

The history of space art goes back to at least the late 1800's with the illustrations for the books of Jules Verne and for the first popular books about astronomy.

From science fiction book covers to the illustrations in non-fiction space books, artists took us into space with their visual imaginations long before our spacecraft arrived there.
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http://www.hobbyspace.com/Art/art2.html
http://www.hobbyspace.com/Art/gallery.html
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Part 1:
News
Archive
Art Hobbies
More Link Lists
Artists
Alan Bean
Chesley Bonestell
Robert McCall
Pat Rawlings
Part Time Artists

Part 2:
Art in Space
Associations
Galleries
History
Photography
Patches
Resources

Part 3: Gallery
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2011 - A time to remember the past and to create the future.
Happy New Year
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
=============================================

WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Where is the New Horizons Spacecraft Now?

Recently mentioned has been the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft and the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft, all out there in deep space.
We have seen the Pioneer Anomaly mentioned and the fact that they were spin stabilized making them a quiet platform to look at your Doppler measurements.  It has been suggested that the New Horizon spacecraft on its way to Pluto might also be used to look at its Doppler measurements while in its spin stabilized cruise mode when it was on its way passed Jupiter and later on the way to Pluto.
- LRK -

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Where is the New Horizons Spacecraft Now?
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/newhorizons/main/index.html

[Short Flash trailer - LRK -]
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New Horizons Halfway to Pluto
1:40
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In 2006, NASA dispatched an ambassador to the planetary frontier. The New Horizons spacecraft is now halfway between Earth and Pluto, on approach for a dramatic flight past the icy planet and its moons in July 2015.

After 10 years and more than 3 billion miles, on a historic voyage that has already taken it over the storms and around the moons of Jupiter, New Horizons will shed light on new kinds of worlds we've only just discovered on the outskirts of the solar system.

Pluto gets closer by the day, and New Horizons continues into rare territory, as just the fifth probe to traverse interplanetary space so far from the Sun. And the first to travel so far, to reach a new planet for exploration.

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More information as to progress of New Horizons spacecraft.
- LRK -

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Where Is New Horizons?
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/mission/whereis_nh.php
The computer-generated images below are simulated views of New Horizons' location in the solar system. The images were created using the Satellite Tool Kit (STK) software, which was developed by Analytical Graphics, Inc. Images are updated every hour.
Click here to follow New Horizons as it passes each planet's orbit, starting with our own Moon.
 Current Position
This image shows New Horizons' current position. The green segment of the line shows where New Horizons has traveled since launch; the red indicates the spacecraft's path toward Jupiter, Pluto and beyond. Positions of stars with magnitude 12 or brighter are shown from this perspective, which is above the Sun and "north" of Earth's orbit.
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/whereisnh/current/nhcp20101201_0527.jpg
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Full Trajectory: Overhead View
This image shows New Horizons' current position along its full planned trajectory. The green segment of the line shows where New Horizons has traveled since launch; the red indicates the spacecraft's future path. Positions of stars with magnitude 12 or brighter are shown from this perspective, which is above the Sun and "north" of Earth's orbit.
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/whereisnh/overview/nhov20101201_0527.jpg

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Full Trajectory - Side View
This image shows New Horizons' current position along its full planned trajectory. The green segment of the line shows where New Horizons has traveled since launch; the red indicates the spacecraft's future path. Positions of stars with magnitude 12 or brighter are shown from this perspective, which is slightly above the orbital plane of the planets.
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/whereisnh/sideview/nhsv20101201_0527.jpg
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[Note: Suggest actually going to the web link above as they will all display with current date. - LRK -
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Do you think you might be interested in being a member of a team that launches a probe to interstellar space?
Do you have 15 years to spend on it?
- LRK -

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The PI's Perspective
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/overview/piPerspective.php?page=piPerspective_12_17_2010
The PI’s Perspective: Ten Years On
December 17, 2010
Billy Joel wrote a song,  “This is the Time,” and my favorite verse from that old piece goes like this:
“This is the time to remember
'Cause it will not last forever
These are the days to hold on to
'Cause we won't although we'll want to . . .”
Well, 10 years ago, on Dec. 19, 2000, NASA announced that it would conduct a competition for a PI-led mission to Pluto and the Kuiper Belt. At the time, I’d been involved in leading NASA’s science working group for just such a mission, and I had led a successful proposal to build a complete suite of science instruments for the mission. So, almost immediately upon NASA’s announcement, colleagues asked me to lead a Pluto-Kuiper Belt mission proposal.
Within a week of NASA’s announcement, my team had joined up with the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and formed a larger mission team, which ultimately became known as New Horizons. The 11 months that our team spent together writing and then winning that proposal, and the four subsequent whirlwind years we spent building and launching New Horizons, have become days to remember.
As we enter the 2010 holiday season, with the spacecraft and instrument payload that our team built now approaching the orbit of Uranus, I can’t help but think: 10 years. Ten. Wow.
When you get involved in a project of such length — we still have more than 4 ½ years to go to get to Pluto, and another nine months after that to get all our data back on Earth — you can’t help but feel your project team is a kind of family, one you’re journeying through both space and time with.

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http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/overview/piPerspectiveArchive.php
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When you take an airplane ride and wake up from a long sleep you might like to know where you are.
Sometimes it takes awhile to get your bearings, a look out the window or check the TV monitor.
If you are a spacecraft that has been in cruise mode and are awakened to check out your systems, one of things you want to know is just how far along your path have you gone.  Do we have to consider something like the Pioneer Anomaly?
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/overview/piPerspective.php?page=piPerspective_05_21_2010
- LRK -

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A New Horizons Wake Up Call
http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=12608
by Paul Gilster on May 24, 2010
Recently we’ve been talking about long-distance repair, and how any probe launched beyond the Solar System is going to have to fix its own problems rather than relying solely on transmissions from Earth. New Horizons, halfway to Pluto/Charon in terms of distance, isn’t yet in that category. It’s going to eventually make its way into the Kuiper Belt, but for now, it’s close enough for controllers to wake it up periodically for checks. In fact, the next wakeup call, which comes tomorrow, begins a nine-week period of rigorous tests.
Long-term missions like New Horizon demand annual checkouts, and this one (as opposed to last year’s) is to be comprehensive, ranging from conducting heliospheric cruise science to uploading a series of code enhancements and bug fixes to the spacecraft’s fault protection software. The spacecraft’s backup systems will be checked and its seven scientific instruments re-calibrated. Principal investigator Alan Stern describes the process in his latest report.
http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/overview/piPerspective.php?page=piPerspective_05_21_2010
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Not all fixes to a spacecraft involve repairing malfunctioning systems. In the case of New Horizons, it’s also necessary to keep a close eye on the course. With the vehicle well into the outer Solar System, it’s interesting to speculate about what forces could be causing the need for a course correction. No, it’s not the so-called ‘Pioneer Anomaly,’ but the reflection of thermal photons from New Horizons’ radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) striking the back of its high-gain antenna. A tiny effect multiplied over four years has consequences.
The fix is to be a June 30 course correction involving a change in speed of about 1.5 kilometers per hour. The 30-second thruster burn will make New Horizon’s first course change since late 2007. Also coming up this summer are cruise observations of Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto itself, along with four weeks of observations of the space plasma environment near the orbit of Uranus.
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Some snips from Wikipedia about the New Horizons mission.
More there is you care to check.
- LRK -

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New Horizons
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Horizons
>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 12-22-2010

New Horizons is a NASA robotic spacecraft mission currently en route to the dwarf planet Pluto. It is expected to be the first spacecraft to fly by and study Pluto and its moons, Charon, Nix, and Hydra. NASA may also approve flybys of one or more other Kuiper belt objects.
New Horizons was launched on January 19, 2006, directly into an Earth-and-solar-escape trajectory. It had an Earth-relative velocity of about 16.26 km/s (58,536 km/h; 36,373 mph) after its last engine shut down. Thus, it left Earth at the fastest launch speed ever recorded for a man-made object. New Horizons flew by Jupiter on February 28, 2007, and the orbit of Saturn on June 8, 2008; it is projected to arrive at Pluto on July 14, 2015, after which it will continue into the Kuiper belt.
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New Horizons is the first mission in NASA's New Frontiers mission category, larger and more expensive than Discovery missions but smaller than the Flagship Program. The cost of the mission (including spacecraft and instrument development, launch vehicle, mission operations, data analysis, and education/public outreach) is approximately $650 million over 15 years (from 2001 to 2016). An earlier proposed Pluto mission – Pluto Kuiper Express – was cancelled by NASA in 2000 for budgetary reasons. Further information relating to an overview with historical context[1] can be found at the IEEE website and gives further background and details, with more details regarding the Jupiter fly-by.[2]
The New Horizons craft was built primarily by Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) and the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL). The mission's principal investigator is Alan Stern (NASA Associate Administrator, formerly of the Southwest Research Institute).
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On April 7, 2006 at 10:00 UTC, the spacecraft passed the orbit of Mars, moving at roughly 21 km/s away from the Sun at a solar distance of 243 million kilometers.[16]
New Horizons made a distant flyby of the small asteroid 132524 APL (previously known by its provisional designation, 2002 JF56), at a distance of 101,867 km at 04:05 UTC on June 13, 2006. The best current estimate of the asteroid's diameter is approximately 2.3 kilometers, and the spectra obtained by New Horizons showed that APL is an S-type asteroid.
The spacecraft successfully tracked the asteroid over June 10 – June 12, 2006. This allowed the mission team to test the spacecraft's ability to track rapidly moving objects. Images were obtained through the Ralph telescope.[17]
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New Horizons has both spin-stabilized (cruise) and three-axis stabilized (science) modes, controlled entirely with hydrazine monopropellant. 77 kg (170 lb) of hydrazine provides a delta-v capability of over 290 m/s (649 mph) after launch. Helium is used as a pressurant, with an elastomeric diaphragm assisting expulsion. The spacecraft's on-orbit mass including fuel will be over 470 kg (1,036 lb) for a Jupiter flyby trajectory, but would have been only 445 kg (981 lb) for a direct flight to Pluto. This would have meant less fuel for later Kuiper belt operations and is caused by the launch vehicle performance limitations for a direct-to-Pluto flight.
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Well just another 5 years and we will see what we shall see.
Hmmm, 73 + 5 = 78,  might still be around if I can cut down on my near misses while on my travels.
Hope New Horizon continues to perform well.
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/ 
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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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NASA's LRO Creating Unprecedented Topographic Map of Moon - 12.17.10

If you want to land a space ship on the Moon it helps to know where the mountains and valleys are located.
Apollo 17 had to come in between mountains and if you are to land at a lunar polar region it would be could to land near a dark crater but close to a sun lit mountain as well.  Falling into a crater would not be a good thing if you weren't prepared for freezing cryogenic temperatures.

During the Lunar Prospector mission some 3D maps were presented to the viewers.
http://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/datavis/3ddata/index.htm

There were lunar orbiters before the Apollo missions and we got to see much of the Moon.
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/orbiter/orbiter.html
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/

We have moved on now and much more information will become available from the recent lunar orbiters.
[And I hope will be shared in an interactive way with the general public.]
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8230230.stm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang%27e_1
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2007-051A
http://www.moonposter.ie/missions2.htm#ARTEMIS

If (when) we go back to the Moon to stay we can use some updated versions of what has already been mapped.
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/usgs/
- LRK -
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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/lola-topo-map.html
NASA's LRO Creating Unprecedented Topographic Map of Moon

12.17.10
NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter is allowing researchers to create the most precise and complete map to date of the moon's complex, heavily cratered landscape.

[40 second video clip showing a full rotation of the Moon, before and now. - LRK -]A LOLA digital elevation map compiled in late 2009 (right) is compared to the Unified Lunar Control Network (ULCN) 2005, a painstakingly constructed map based on the best available data at the time, compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey. Credit: NASA/Goddard/MIT/SVS

[25 second animation of LOLA - LRK -]This is an animation illustrating how LOLA measures lunar elevations. LOLA sends a pattern of five laser pulses to the lunar surface, and computes distance and elevation by measuring how long it takes for the pulses to return. Credit: NASA/Goddard/Chris Meaney

"This dataset is being used to make digital elevation and terrain maps that will be a fundamental reference for future scientific and human exploration missions to the moon," said Dr. Gregory Neumann of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "After about one year taking data, we already have nearly 3 billion data points from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter on board the LRO spacecraft, with near-uniform longitudinal coverage. We expect to continue to make measurements at this rate through the next two years of the science phase of the mission and beyond. Near the poles, we expect to provide near-GPS-like navigational capability as coverage is denser due to the spacecraft's polar orbit." Neumann will present the map at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco December 17.

The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) works by propagating a single laser pulse through a Diffractive Optical Element that splits it into five beams. These beams then strike and are backscattered from the lunar surface. From the return pulse, the LOLA electronics determines the time of flight which, accounting for the speed of light, provides a precise measurement of the range from the spacecraft to the lunar surface. Range measurements, combined with accurate tracking of the spacecraft's location, are used to build a map revealing the contours of the lunar landscape. The five beams create a two-dimensional spot pattern that unambiguously reveals slopes. LOLA will also measure the spreading of the return pulse to get the surface roughness and the change in the transmitted compared to the return energy of the pulse to determine surface reflectance.

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[More discussion and images at link above. - LRK -]
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On page below, links to above  and more information links to LRO mission.
I like the first statement in Five Things to Know about LRO.
LRO is leading NASA’s way back to the moon.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/main/index.html
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
News and Features

LRO Creates New Lunar Topographic Map
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/lola-topo-map.html

12.17.10
LRO is allowing researchers to create the most precise and complete map to date of the moon's complex, heavily cratered landscape. › Read More
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/lola-topo-map.html

LRO Resources
› LRO Fact Sheet
› LRO Lithograph
› LRO/LCROSS Press Kit

Five Things to Know about LRO
  • LRO is leading NASA’s way back to the moon.
  • The primary objective of LRO is to conduct investigations that prepare for future lunar exploration. Specifically LRO will scout for safe and compelling landing sites, locate potential resources (with special attention to the possibility of water ice) and characterize the effects of prolonged exposure to the lunar radiation environment. In addition to its exploration mission, LRO will also return rich scientific data that will help us to better understand the moon’s topography and composition.
  • Seven scientific instruments outfit LRO. These instruments will return lunar imagery, topography, temperature measurements and more.
  • Launched along with LRO was the Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS), a partner mission that will search for water ice on the moon.
  • In response to LRO's "Send Your Name to the Moon" initiative, the spacecraft carries a microchip with nearly 1.6 million names submitted by the public. Click here to view a photo of the microchip containing the names as engineers prepare to install it on the spacecraft.
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[More links on the left and right side columns. - LRK -]
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As noted at Space.com
- LRK -

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http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/moon-lro-mapping-lunar-surface-101221.html
NASA Probe Maps Moon in Unprecedented Detail
By SPACE.com Staff
posted: 21 December 2010
12:10 pm ET


A NASA lunar probe's meticulous observations are allowing scientists to create the most precise and complete map of the moon's surface to date, researchers said.

In its first year or so of operation, NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft beamed about 3 billion data points back to Earth, researchers said. And it's not done yet.

"This dataset is being used to make digital elevation and terrain maps that will be a fundamental reference for future scientific and human exploration missions to the moon," Gregory Neumann, of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., said in a statement. "We expect to continue to make measurements at this rate through the next two years of the science phase of the mission and beyond."

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[Note: Not happy with the pervasive "Chrome" browser pop up ad. - LRK -]
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Hope we have similar information updates from other lunar spacecraft.
It would be helpful in determining if there might be resources useful to future explorers.
A good map to what is available and where to find it always helps.
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
=============================================

WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

=============================================

Monday, December 20, 2010

China celebrates success of 2nd lunar probe Chang'e-2

Well someone is happy about sending probes to the Moon.
Will be interesting to see what China reports of its findings.
They made a lunar map with Chang'e 1.
A lunar map has been made from LRO's LOLA
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/lola-topo-map.html
Will we get another lunar map and will anyone use the information to land some rovers?
- LRK -

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China celebrates success of 2nd lunar probe Chang'e-2
http://english.sina.com/technology/p/2010/1220/352730.html
2010-12-20 09:08:34 GMT2010-12-20 17:08:34 (Beijing Time)  Xinhua English

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http://images2.sina.com/english/technology/p/2010/1220/c6478f58d8d4c47869fba386b585e7ec.jpg
Chinese President Hu Jintao delivers a speech during a celebration rally to mark the successful launch of the nation's 2nd lunar probe Chang'e-2 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 20, 2010. Chang'e-2 was blast off on Oct. 1, 2010. (Xinhua)
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BEIJING, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- China celebrated on Monday the success of its second lunar probe, Chang'e-2, highlighting the significance of the project in boosting the country's technological development.
In a celebration rally in Beijing, President Hu Jintao hailed the project as another achievement in China's lunar exploration program and a result of its drive to build an innovation-oriented nation.
The lunar probe project was a strategic decision based on China's goal of building an innovation-driven nation and achieving rapid economic development, said Hu.
Through the success of Chang'e-2, China had not only made breakthroughs in a series of core and key technologies, but also promoted the development of the basic sciences and applied technologies, said Hu.
The project had also brought experience of managing major science and technology projects, and cultivated high-quality science, technological and managerial staff, said Hu.
Hu praised the contributions of all the project staff, their great sense of responsibility, solidarity, earnest efforts, and devotion.
snip
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Launched Oct 1, 2010
- LRK -

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http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/sci/2010-10/01/c_13539178.htm
China announces successful launch of 2nd lunar probe
English.news.cn   2010-10-01 20:06:16

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http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/sci/2010-10/01/13539178_31n.jpg
Long March 3C rocket carrying China's second unmanned lunar probe, Chang'e II, lifts off from the launch pad at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province, at 18:59:57 (Beijing time) on Oct. 1, 2010. (Xinhua/Li Gang)
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XICHANG, Sichuan, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) -- China's lunar probe Chang'e-2 was successfully launched, control center at the Xichang satellite launch site in southwest China's Sichuan Province announced Friday.
Chang'e-2 arrived at an earth-moon transfer orbit after it separated from the carrier rocket, which has a perigee of 200 kilometers and an apogee of about 380,000 kilometers from the earth, according to the control center.
The control center made the announcement after the satellite successfully entered the orbit and unfolded its solar panels.
At 6:59:57 p.m., the satellite blasted off on a Long March 3C carrier rocket from No. 2 launch tower at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.
The lunar satellite is expected to take about 112 hours, or almost five days, to arrive at its lunar orbit
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The world will be watching to see what follows.
For what it is worth, a clip from Wikipedia.
- LRK -

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program
Chinese Lunar Exploration Program

Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP) (simplified Chinese: 中国探月; traditional Chinese: 中國探月; pinyin: Zhōngguó Tànyuè) also known as Chang'e program is a program of robotic explorations and human missions to the Moon undertaken by China National Space Administration (CNSA), People's Republic of China's space agency. It uses Chang'e lunar orbiters, rovers and soil return spacecraft and adapted Long March 3A, Long March 5/E and Long March 7 launch vehicles. The launch and the flight are monitored constantly by a TT&C System (Deep Space Tracking Network, with radio antennas of 50 m in Beijing, 40 m in Kunming, Shanghai and Ürümqi, forming a 3000 km VLBI antenna.[1][2]) and the Ground Application System, responsible for downlink data reception.
The first spacecraft of the program, Chang'e 1, an un-manned lunar orbiter was successfully launched at Xichang Satellite Launch Center on October 24, 2007[3] (delayed from 17–19 April 2007[4]).
Ouyang Ziyuan, one of the most prominent Chinese experts in geological research on underground nuclear testing and extraterrestrial materials, was the first to advocate not only the exploitation of the known huge lunar reserves of metals such as iron, but also the mining of lunar helium-3 as an ideal fuel for nuclear fusion power plants. He is now in charge of the Chang'e program. He is known to be one of the strongest supporters of the Chinese human lunar exploration program, and is currently serving as the chief scientist of the program. Another prominent Chinese scientist, Sun Jiadong, was assigned as the general designer, while a younger scientist Sun Zezhou (孙泽州, unrelated to Sun Jiadong) was assigned as the deputy general designer. The program manager was Luan Enjie (栾恩杰).
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And my Chinese dictionaries are on the book shelf in the hallway.
Do I need to move them to the book shelf in the living room?
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
=============================================

WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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